Everybody Plays!
 
Image: Everybody Plays - how kids with visual impairments play sports by Cindy Lou Aillaud and Lauren Lieberman. Photo montage.
 
Image: Baseball Bat
 
Image: Swimming Fins
 
Image: Goalball
 
Image: Kayak Paddle
 
Image: Rollerblade Boot
 
Image: Running Shoe
 
Image: Horse Riding Saddle

Everybody Plays!

Cindy Lou Aillaud and
Lauren Lieberman, Ph.D.
 
Image: American Printing House for the Blind Logo

Table of Contents

Everybody Plays!
Reading Consultants
American Printing House for the Blind
Discover a New Way Forward/Foreword
Goalball
Paralympic Sports
Beep Baseball
Swimming
Rock Climbing
Hiking
Kayaking
Fishing
Cycling
Athletics
Soccer
Judo
Horseback Riding/Equestrian
Rollerblading
Jumping Rope
Gymnastics
Obstacle Course
Archery
Showdown
Dancing
Virtual Tennis
Twister
Advice From the Experts
More Fun Reading
Aillaud, Cindy Lou, 1955-

Everybody Plays!/Cindy Lou Aillaud, Lauren Lieberman

In keeping with our philosophy to provide access to information for people who are blind or visually impaired, the American Printing House for the Blind provides this book in large print and braille.

Braille Catalog Number 5-13095-00
Print Catalog Number 7-13095-00

Everybody Plays!

Copyright © 2013, American Printing House for the Blind, Inc.
Louisville, KY 40206-0085
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America
 
Image: Table Tennis Paddle And Ball

This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. For information regarding permissions, write to American Printing House for the Blind, Inc., Resource Services, 1839 Frankfort Avenue, Louisville, KY 40206-0085.
 
Image: Fishing Lure

Everybody Plays!

For kids who love to play at any age! Thank you to my sons Brian and Jason who offered many encouraging words of wisdom. I am filled with gratitude for my parents, Ron and Lola May Petett, for teaching me to live life by the "golden rule." Thank you to all my friends with visual impairments for sharing their challenges in a sighted world. Thank you also to my best friend and the love of my life, my husband, Whit for his never-ending support and encouragement. I extend a special thank you to all the campers at Camp Abilities who allowed me to experience each sport with a new perspective... blindfolded. You have my total admiration. Lastly, thank you to Dr. Lauren Lieberman for her foresight and energy.
- Cindy Lou Aillaud
 
Image: Two children run across a large blue foam block.
 
Image: A boy swims underwater and blows bubbles with his nose.
 
Image: Swimming Fins

For kids who play at camp and camp to play! Thank you to all of the wonderful campers, counselors, and staff at Camp Abilities in Brockport, NY, especially Haley Schedlin for all of her hard work and dedication that makes camp such a great experience for everybody. Thank you to Katrina Arndt for her help with the Listen Up! pages and all of her support throughout the years. Thank you Cindy Lou Aillaud for making this book dream a reality!
- Lauren Lieberman
 
Image: A girl sits on a scooter while her coach pushes her across the floor.
 
Image: A boy and his coach high-five each other while in the swimming pool.
 
Image: Running Shoe

Reading Consultants
Katrina Arndt, Ph.D.
Chinwe Ikpeze, Ph.D.
American Printing House for the Blind
Project Leader
Tristan Pierce
Research Assistant
Monica Vaught

Art Director
Terri Gilmore

Photographers
Cindy Lou Aillaud with
Alecia Aillaud, Laura Brodfuhrer, Didrik Johnck, Tony Morelli, Emily Pettys, Lola May Petett, Tristan Pierce, Amanda Tepfer, Ben Witherell
 
Image: Girl in pool with flotation noodle
 
Image: Swimming Goggles

Discover a New Way Forward/Foreword
 
Image: Baseball Glove

When I went totally blind at age 13, I would sit in the school cafeteria and listen to the jokes, laughter, and food fights going on around me. I wasn't afraid to go blind and see darkness. My biggest fear was that I would be swept to the sidelines and forgotten, while all the excitement of life passed me by.
Luckily, I got a newsletter in braille from The Carroll Center in Boston that introduced kids with visual impairment or blindess to fun recreational activities. Lots of kids without sight, including me, missed out on athletics at school. The Center offered sailing, canoeing, tandem biking, cross country skiing, and rock climbing. I ran my hand up the side of my bedroom wall and asked myself, "Who would be crazy enough to take a blind guy climbing on a rock face?" So I signed up immediately. I was tired of building walls around myself, tired of protecting myself. I wanted to see what was possible, to begin testing my limits. That was one of the most important decisions I ever made, because it launched me into a life of adventure.
 
Image: Soccer Ball
That first reach on a rock wall led me to climbing Mt. Everest and the tallest peaks on each of the seven continents. I've competed in the toughest adventure race on earth: I raced for 9 days and traveled 60,000 feet upward, with no time outs. I've skied 10,000 feet down the tallest peak in Europe, and guided teenagers who are blind on mountain and rafting adventures all over the world. And I've stood with six Tibetan teenagers who are blind at 21,500 feet on the north face of Mt. Everest; this is the highest that any group of people with blindness has ever stood.

The key to my success is to embrace anything new because it is exciting to be a pioneer and the first person to do something. Being blind gives me a chance to explore new ways of doing sports -- sometimes, even activities that no blind person has ever done before. I learned to climb vertical frozen waterfalls by tapping my two ice tools across the face to hear the pitch of the ice. On an ice face, you have to swing at exactly the right spot; otherwise, you can loosen a giant chunk of ice, which just might crush you or your climbing partner. So I use my hearing to climb when others use their sight.
 
Image: Erik Weihenmayer wearing sunglasses and climbing a rock face.
I ski with a guide in front of me who calls out very precise directions, in a cadence: "Turn-a-left. Turn-a-right." I peddle a mountain tandem bike with my partner steering over narrow rocky trails. Last year, I learned to paddle a single, river kayak with a friend in front blowing a whistle through the rapids. I love to paraglide using bells that hang on a rope from my waist to tell me exactly when to prepare my chute to land. On a hiking trip once, a blind teenager taught me how to play soccer by simply wrapping a ball in a plastic bag, which makes a crinkling noise as the ball rolls. The point is that almost anything is possible if we are willing to discover a new way forward.
I've also found that physical skill and comfort with one's own body, largely gained through sports and outdoor activities, is vital to a blind person achieving his full potential. Too often a talented individual limits himself by his own physical awkwardness because his personal discomfort creates a discomfort among teammates, teachers, and students. The best course of action, therefore, is to ensure that a focus on school and blindness skills -- mobility, computers, braille -- is accompanied by plenty of physical activity and competition.
 
Image: Rollerblade Boot
I encourage you to read Everybody Plays! with your own dreams in mind. See how others who are blind have pursued sports, and then envision yourself kayaking, swimming, fishing, or competing in judo or gymnastics. When you finish, don't be passive; instead, throw yourself into every positive new experience. Join a hiking or climbing club. Learn to jump rope. Attend a sports camp. Try out for your wrestling team. If you can summon up the courage to do this, your life will become a great adventure.
- Erik Weihenmayer
 
Image: Erik Weihenmayer and a group of Tibetan teenagers who are all blind at 21,500 feet on the north face of Mt. Everest.
 
Image: Horse Riding Saddle

Image: Kayak Paddle
 
Image: Two coaches and two girls in a canoe.

Image: Two men running along an outdoor track
 
Image: A girl swimming down a lane in a pool

To read the story straight through, skip the Listen Up! links embedded after each sport activity. To learn more about a sport, click the Listen Up! icon for each sport's pop-up window. To close the pop-up window and return to the story, Window users type "Control F4" and Mac users type "Command w."

Goalball
"Listen for the ball!" whispers my goalball coach as I quickly slide onto the floor. I stretch out as far as I can with my arm protecting my nose. There's no way I'm going to let it by me! I hear the faint jingle getting closer, closer until...ooooomph! The ball hits me in the stomach and I block the goal!
 
Image: Paralympic symbol
 
Image: A blindfolded girl is on one knee with both hands on the floor. She tilts her head and listens for the ball.
 
Image: A blindfolded girl wearing kneepads and elbow pads lies on her side on the floor with arms and legs extended. She blocks the ball with her legs.

Rapidly, I get up and into position by reaching for the tactile boundary line. Now I'm ready to win the game. I fire the ball away by rolling it as fast as I can back to the other side of the court, past my silent opponents, and over the end line! What a play!
 
Image: A blindfolded girl serves the goalball.
 
Image: A boy kneels, bows his head, and crosses his fingers.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Goalball Listen Up!
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Goalball is a team sport played on a basketball court. The court floor has rope taped onto the boundary lines so players can feel where they need to stand inside the court. Three people are on each team. Each team stands at one side of the court and stays in a small area at the end of the court. Players wear blindfolds, elbow pads, and knee pads. Each player has a certain place to stand on the court: one person on the right side, one in the middle, and one on the left.
 
Image: Two blindfolded boys are stretched across the floor trying to stop the goalball
 
Image: A gym is full of people watching a goalball game.

The goalball is a heavy, hollow, rubber ball with a bell inside it. One team gets the ball and rolls it toward the other team. The other team listens for the bell and tries to block the ball when it crosses mid court. Players stop the ball by diving on the floor to stop the ball with their arms, body, or legs. Then it is that team's turn to try to score a point by rolling the ball past the other team. Everyone stays quiet at a goalball game so players can hear the ball. If the ball goes off the court, a sighted referee blows a whistle and gets the ball and gives it to the other team. Everyone stays quiet at a goalball game so players can hear the ball. If the ball goes off court, a sighted referee blows a whistle and retrieves the ball.

Paralympic Sports
I'm at a sports camp designed for kids with visual impairments. A visual impairment means not being able to see as clearly as most people. Some of my friends at camp are sighted, some are visually impaired, and others are completely blind.
 
Image: A group of children are lined up along a running guidewire.

Come meet my friends at camp and watch, listen, or feel the many ways everybody plays!
 
Image: Two boys wear judo uniforms and wrestle on the floor.
 
Image: A blindfolded girl hits a ball on a T-stand with a bat.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Paralympic Sports Listen Up!
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Paralympics are elite sport events for athletes who have a disability. They emphasize the participants' athletic achievements rather than their disability. The Paralympic Games are held in the same year and city as the Olympic Games. I got to try seven Paralympic sports while at camp. Look for the Paralympic symbol -  - on the Listen Up! pages and name the Paralympic sports I got to try.
 
Image: A coach assists a boy with learning front crawl

Paralympic Sports
  * Alpine Skiing* 
  * Archery* 
  * Athletics* 
  * Biathlon* 
  * Boccia 
  * Cycling* 
  * Equestrian* 
  * Football 5-a-side (soccer)* 
  * Football 7-a-side (soccer) 
  * Goalball* 
  * Ice Sledge Hockey 
  * Judo* 
  * Para-canoe 
  * Para-triathalon* 
  * Powerlifting 
  * Rowing* 
  * Sailing* 
  * Shooting 
  * Snow Skiing* 
  * Swimming* 
  * Table Tennis 
  * Volleyball (Sitting) 
  * Wheelchair 
  * Basketball 
  * Wheelchair Curling 
  * Wheelchair Fencing 
  * Wheelchair Rugby 
  * Wheelchair Tennis 


* These fourteen sports are open to athletes with visual impairment or blindness
 
Image: A boy prepares to kick a soccer ball.

Beep Baseball
One of my favorite games at camp is beep baseball. Just like goalball, we all wear blindfolds so all sight is equal. After that, the action never stops! When the ball begins to beep, I know to swing with all my might. Crack! My bat smacks the ball, and I run toward first base, which makes a buzzing sound. I sprint faster than a cheetah so I can get there before the fielder gets the ball. "I got it!" shouts the fielder before I reach the base. Rats! Since she got the ball before I made it to base, our team does not score. I guess there's always next time.
 
Image: A girl adjusts her blindfold.
 
Image: A girl wearing a blindfold hits the beep baseball off a t-stand with a bat.
 
Image: A girl wearing a blindfold runs toward a base.

One of the most important things to remember about beep baseball is to keep your ear on the ball! Unfortunately, our game had to get postponed because of a very loud lawn mower!
 
Image: A girl wearing a blind fold stands in the outfield and holds a beep baseball straight up in the air with one hand.
 
Image: A large, red, riding lawn mower moves across the grass.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Beep Baseball Listen Up!
The team sport of beep baseball is based on baseball. Two teams take turns playing in the field and batting. To bat, some people use a T-stand to hold the beep baseball and others use a pitcher. The pitcher is sighted. The beep baseball is like a large softball, and has a plastic pin in it. When the pin is pulled out, the ball beeps. Everyone stays quiet at a beep baseball game so players can hear the ball.

There are two bases in beep baseball. One base is to the right of home plate (the batting spot) and one is to the left. Each base is a soft column with a speaker inside it. When turned on, the base makes a loud buzzing sound. The batter hits the beep baseball, listens for a base's buzzing sound, and runs to it. The batter never knows which base the base operator will pick to turn on. If the runner gets to the base before the fielders find the ball and pick it up, a run is scored.
 
Image: A girl wearing a blindfold holds the ball and looks like she is about to run.
 
Image: A blindfolded girl falls over the foam, sound emitting base.
 
Image: A blindfolded girl crawls and reaches for the beeping ball on the grass.
Fielders have certain areas in which to stand and each area has a number. When the batter hits the ball, a sighted spotter yells out a number and the person assigned to that area moves around to find the ball. The other fielders stay still so that there are no collisions between fielders. The fielder trying to find the ball listens and feels for it on the ground and holds it up when he or she finds it.

Swimming
Swimming at camp is awesome! I get to swim with all my friends no matter how well they see. One of the best feelings is to jump off the diving board and feel the water splash over my body.
 
Image: A boy wears yellow goggles while swimming.
 
Image: A coach assists a girl swimmer with floating on her back. Another swimmer observes.
 
Image: A boy and girl swim and flip under water.

At first I was a little nervous walking to the end of the board, but now I can dive like a professional!
 
Image: A girl dives into the swimming pool.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Swimming Listen Up!
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Swimming is done in a swimming pool, lake, or ocean. There are four competitive swimming strokes: front crawl (freestyle), back crawl, breaststroke, and butterfly. To swim the front crawl, swimmers lie in the water on their stomachs and alternate kicking their legs and propelling their arms. To swim the back crawl, swimmers do the same thing but on their backs. To swim breaststroke, swimmers glide through the water with their arms and legs extended, making their body like an arrow. Next, swimmers push their arms down and sideways to chest level, close their arms to a prayer position, and then extend the arms again to the starting glide position. At the same time, they bend their knees and bring their feet toward their bottom, kick their legs out, and then push their legs together into the starting glide position. To swim butterfly, swimmers move both their arms back, up, and forward at the same time, making big circles. They hold their legs together and kick as if they have one leg. This is called a dolphin kick.
 
Image: A girl swims with a swimming noodle under her arms. Her coach is next to her.
 
Image: A girl holds onto her coach's forearms and practices putting her face in the water.

Some swimmers count strokes to determine when they reached the end wall; other swimmers set up a lawn sprinkler at the end of the pool so it sprays on them when they reach the end of the pool; and still others have a friend or coach tap their back or shoulder with a long, thin pole that has a ball on the end.

Rock Climbing
Rock climbing is also a blast. I slip on my harness so I know I won't fall and then nothing can keep me from the top. I feel like a mountain goat as I race to the summit.
 
Image: Two climbers moving up a portable outdoor climbing wall as a staff member keeps an eye on their harnesses.

I climb higher and higher until it feels like I could climb right into the sky. I use my hands and feet to feel for each hold so I know exactly where to go next. I know I've almost made it when my friends start cheering from way down below. I reach as far as my arm will go and feel the bell. Ding, ding, ding! I did it! "Good climb!" everyone shouts. Later, one of my sighted friends is scared to climb up so high. "Just close your eyes so you can't see the ground," I tell him. "It works for me!"
 
Image: A girl at the top of the climbing wall looks up at the bell and prepares to ring it.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Rock Climbing Listen Up!
Rock climbing is done inside or outside. Some gyms have climbing walls with many different shapes bolted to the wall. Climbers place their feet into the shapes and hold on tight to other shapes with their hands. Outside rock climbing is climbing up cliffs with small bumps and cracks. Climbers place their hands and feet over the bumps and in the cracks to climb upward. To rock climb, climbers wear a harness around their legs and waist. Climbers step into the leg straps, tighten the waist strap, and then use a clip called a carabiner. The rope they hold runs through the carabiner. The rope goes all the way to the top of the wall or the cliff and then comes back down to the ground. A person on the ground holds one end tight so if the climber falls, she does not hit the ground. When climbers are ready to start climbing, they say "Belay on" and the person holding the other end says "On belay." Saying this keeps the climber safe because the person on the ground knows to pay attention and keep the rope tight.
 
Image: A girl wears a helmet and climbing harness. Her coach attaches the carabiner and rope.
 
Image: A girl climbing the outdoor wall close to the summit with another climber on the way up behind her.

Many climbers like people on the ground to help them by telling them where to feel for hand and foot holds. Reaching the top feels great! When a climber is ready to come down, she leans her bottom out and uses her feet to walk down the side of the cliff or wall while she holds the rope.

Hiking
I love hiking because I feel like a real explorer! Usually our sighted coaches come with us so they can let us know if there are big rocks or roots on the trail. When I went to camp last year, I hiked to the top of Hatcher Pass in Alaska. It was so steep, I felt like I was trekking up the side of Mt. Everest! On the way down, it helped to scoot on my bottom. That way I knew I wouldn't fall.
 
Image: One hiker sits at the top of the hill while another hiker approaches. Several other hikers are seen further down the hill.

That sure was a great day, despite my dirty behind!
 
Image: Two hikers and their two coaches walk abreast and smile. It is getting dark.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Hiking Listen Up!
Walking on a trail in the woods or fields is called hiking. Some people hike up mountains, other people hike on flat trails. Some people like to use hiking poles to exercise their arms when they hike. Many hikers wear hiking boots that lace up to their ankles for better foot and ankle support. Hikers pay careful attention to their feet and wear clean, dry socks. They take breaks and check their feet to avoid blisters, and many hikers stop every hour to rest for a few minutes and drink water. Some hikers wear backpacks to carry their jacket, map and compass, snacks, and water.

You should always hike with a "buddy." Hikers who have visual impairment may like to hike with a human guide. They can use the traditional way to guide by touching the human guide's elbow or they can each hold an end of a short pole. Others use their canes when they hike to detect rocks and roots that may be on the trail. Stay alert and watch for low hanging branches so you don't hit your head. Be creative and explore different kinds of trails. Hike only on trails where you are comfortable and safe; you determine your own safety level based on your ability to hike. Your success is up to your imagination.
 
Image: Three hikers are in the foreground and a large group of hikers are in the distance.

Kayaking
When I kayak, I feel like I'm gliding on a cloud. The paddles make a gentle rhythm as they push us through the river, then drip, drip, drip as water droplets fall back to the surface. My coach helps steer us toward the right course while I do most of the powerful paddling.
 
Image: A boy and his female coach kayak. They wear bright yellow life jackets.

I hope one day to kayak in the ocean and go far north to the glaciers.
 
Image: A boy and his male coach dip their paddles into the water as they glide across the water's surface.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Kayaking Listen Up!
Kayaking is a sport where one sits in a boat called a kayak and uses a long paddle to move through the water. Always wear a life jacket for boating. Some kayaks are short, some are long. Some have small openings in which to sit and some have very large openings. To kayak, people put the kayak in a lake, river, or ocean. They carefully get in the kayak without tipping it over by keeping their bottom low -- they do not stand up in the kayak. A kayak paddle has a blade on both ends of the shaft; imagine a paddle shaped like a flattened Q-tip®. Once everyone is in, they paddle on the right side then on the left side, and keep paddling back and forth.
 
Image: A lone kayaker glides across the water in a small blue kayak. The sun reflects on some of the water and the trees cast shadows on other parts of the water.

Fishing
There are so many interesting sounds and feelings in fishing! My friends and I have to put worms on a hook! I'd never touched a worm before, but it feels really weird! Eeeewwww, it's slimy, squirmy, and squishy!
 
Image: A boy wearing a life jacket holds up a worm.
 
Image: Sitting on the ground, a boy wearing sunglasses holds a worm in the palm of his hand and feels it with the fingers of his other hand. The boy in the life jacket watches.

We cast into the water ...splash! Then the reel clicks as we wind in the line. Hooray, one of my friends caught a slippery, scaly fish! It's super small. Quick, someone take a picture before we have to throw it back!
 
Image: A girl swings her fishing pole back preparing to cast her line.
 
Image: A boy looks closely at a very small fish.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Fishing Listen Up!
Fishing is a sport people do alone or with a group at creeks, brooks, lakes, or oceans. To go fishing, you need a fishing pole, fishing line and bobber, bait, a hook, and a fishing license. Some people bring a bucket to store the fish. Many people have a tackle box for all the things they need. It helps to know where good spots are to fish.
 
Image: A group of campers stand and sit along the banks of a canal and fish.

To go fishing, you buy bait-like worms, or crickets, or night crawlers-and sit or stand by the water. You string fishing line through the small holes on the fishing pole, and tie a hook on the end. You put bait on the hook and throw the line in the water; this is called casting. Once the bait is in the water, the bobber floats on the surface and the bait and hook sink down. Hopefully, a fish will see the bait and eat it. You might feel the fish pull on the hook! Then you quickly reel in the fish. If it is too little, you carefully take the hook out of the fish's mouth and put it back in the water. If it is big enough to eat, put it in the bucket, and take it home for dinner!

Cycling
My friends and I love to ride bikes. When I do, I feel so free, like I could ride anywhere in the world! The breeze I feel as I fly down the road tells me I am going so fast no one could ever catch me.
 
Image: A young camper squats down with his arms folded on his knees. He wears sunglasses and a bright yellow helmet.
 
Image: Paralympic symbol
 
Image: A boy and his coach ride a side-by-side tandem bike. They both wear helmets.

We always do a safety check before we go to make sure our helmets fit and the chain and brakes work, then we hit the road! Some of my friends like to ride on three or four-wheeled bikes, but I like the tandem best. I feel safe because my coach tells me when to turn and stop. I could ride a bike forever!
 
Image: A boy examines the peddles and chain of a bike with the help of his coach.
 
Image: A camper in a yellow helmet examines the chin strap of his coach's white helmet.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Cycling Listen Up!
Cycling is done on either a two-seated bike called a tandem bike or a one-seated bike. The rider sits on the seat and puts his feet on pedals that turn in a circle. The forward motion of the pedals turn a chain that makes the wheels roll forward, which makes the bike move forward.
A group of campers riding different kinds of bikes head down the track.
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Two-seated bikes have seats front and back or side-by-side. On the front and back bike, the sighted rider sits in the front and is called the pilot; the blind rider sits in the back and is called the stoker. On the side-by-side bike, the riders who are sighted and blind sit next to each other. A rider who uses a single bike uses his vision or he has someone-a human guide-give him verbal instructions. People also ride stationary bikes at home or in a gym.
 
Image: Two girls ride a front-to-back tandem.

Athletics
Track and field events, called athletics, are something we do every year at camp. This year, I tried shotput for the first time. It's hard because the ball is so heavy I use every ounce of strength to heave it, but my coach helps by clapping her hands so I know which direction to throw. Umpf...thud! The ball lands, and I set a new personal best!
 
Image: A coach assists a boy with the proper technique to throw a shot put. He holds the heavy ball in his hand next to his neck.
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Running on the track is something that's scary at first because it seems like someone will get in the way, but now it's one of my favorite things to do! I feel almost as fast as when I'm on my bike. I use ropes to guide the way so I know I will stay in the right lane. I finish the track and field events with a long jump. I always leap as far as I can and hope for a new record!
 
Image: A boy camper runs on a track with his coach. They each hold an end of a tether.
 
Image: A girl jumps high in the air; her hair flies all over.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Athletics Listen Up!
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

The sport of running track is done on a large oval, called a track that is typically orange or green in color. It is about 20-25 feet wide and ¼ of a mile around. There are usually seven white lines drawn on the track to designate eight running lanes. There are many kinds of races. Some people run short, fast races, called sprints. The 50-yard dash is a sprint race. Other people run distance races at a slower rate. The 1,500-meter race is a distance race.

Field events take place either in the center of the track or off to the side in the grass. The javelin is a long pole with a metal tip on the end. The thrower runs and throws the javelin for distance. The metal tip helps it stay straight in the air and to stick into the ground. The shot put is a heavy ball that the thrower holds tight to his neck. The thrower spins in a circle and then throws the shot put as far as possible. The discus is a heavy, plate-shaped rubber or metal object that the thrower holds in the palm of his hand. The thrower spins and releases the discus with a straight arm so that it flies flat like a plate for as far as possible. There are three jumping events. Two of these, the standing broad jump and the running long jump, require the jumper to jump as far as she can into a sand pit. The high jump has a bar held up by two poles. The jumper feels how high it is, steps back, takes a running start, and jumps over the bar. The jumper lands on her back onto a large foam mat.
 
Image: A boy leaps into the air toward the sand pit. A coach watches the boy in the air practice the long jump.
 
Image: A boy runs unassisted around an oval track.
 
Image: A boy runs independently in the grass. In one hand he holds a looped rope that is attached to a carabiner. The carabiner is clipped onto a guidewire. The carabiner glides along the guidewire as the boy runs.

Soccer
Shhh...listen carefully! Soccer is one of the hardest games at camp because the field is so big and the bells inside the ball are really tough to hear. Sometimes my coach places the ball in a plastic shopping bag and it makes crinkly noises when it rolls. That helps me to know where it is. "Wait! Here the ball comes now."
 
Image: A female coach helps a boy to kick a soccer ball wrapped in a crinkly bag.
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Bam! I boot the ball as hard as I can toward the direction of my goal. It's great to be part of a team.
 
Image: A girl runs down the soccer field with her coach following her.
 
Image: In an open field a coach encourages a girl to kick a soccer ball.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Soccer Listen Up!
 
Image: Paralympic symbol

Soccer is a ball sport played on a large grassy field. There are 10 outfielders and one goalie playing for each team with several substitutes on each team's bench. The object of the game is to kick the ball down the field to your teammates and to score points by kicking the ball into the other team's goal. The soccer goal is a metal frame that measures 24 feet x 8 feet with a net on the back. The game is played in two 45-minute halves. Each player has a position and stays in a specific area and focuses on either offense or defense. Offensive players try to score goals. Defensive players are responsible for protecting their goal from the other team. Most countries call soccer "football," and it is very, very popular. The biggest soccer competition is called the "World Cup."

In The Paralympics there is soccer for players who are blind or visually impaired. They play with five people on each side so they do not bump into each other. It is very auditory especially after a country scores!
 
Image: A boy prepares to kick the soccer ball.

Judo
Before any judo match, we must bow respectfully, and then I'm ready to go!
 
Image: Two boys wearing judo jackets face each other and bow. Their coach watches.

I feel my opponent's body and try to get points by pinning his shoulders to the floor. It's a pretty even match because my opponent is really good, too. Whether I win or not, it sure is great fun!
 
Image: One boy attempts to pin another boy to the floor. The coach kneels next to them ready to call the point.
 
Image: Two boys are laughing on the floor. One is ready to pin the other to the floor.
 
Image: Listen Up Icon

Judo Listen Up!
 
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Judo (the gentle way), is maximum efficiency through minimum effort. It comes from a form of unarmed combat from Japan. It is a combination of various skills from jujitsu (the gentle art) and is practiced as a sport, martial art, system of self-defense, and for physical fitness. Judo was started by Dr. Jigoro Kano in 1882 as a way for people, of all ages and abilities, to become physically fit. There are four ways to win a judo match: 1) A competitor throws her opponent to her back. 2) A competitor pins his opponent by keeping his back facing toward the mat for 25 seconds. 3) A competitor submits her opponent using a choke until her opponent taps twice. This is only legal if both competitors are age 13 or older. 4) A competitor submits his opponent using an arm-bar until his opponent taps twice. This is only legal if both competitors are age 17 or older.
Unlike many other martial arts, punching and kicking are not allowed in judo competition.
 
Image: A long line of campers wearing judo jackets stand along the edge of the judo mat in a gym.

Horseback Riding/Equestrian
Horses are huge! As I throw my leg over the saddle, I realize I'm pretty nervous because I'm so high off the ground. Clip-clop, clip-clop, the horse moves forward. The ride is bumpy and I feel like I could bounce off, but I hold on tight and everything is okay.
 
Image: A side view of a girl wearing a helmet riding a horse. The horse groom leads the horse.
 
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After the ride, I rub the horse's nose; it feels like soft velvet.
 
Image: A front view of a girl riding a horse. She wears a white helmet. The horse groom leads the horse.
 
Image: A coach assists a girl with tightening her helmet.
 
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Horseback Riding/Equestrian Listen Up!
 
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Horses have long, thin legs; a long tail; and a mane. The height of horses is measured at the highest point of the withers, where the neck meets the back. On average, a horse stands 16 hands high. (One hand equals 4 inches.) Riding on the back of a horse is now done for recreation in the United States. In the past, before cars were invented, people traveled many miles by horseback. Today, horseback riding is done typically with a saddle (leather seat) on the back of a horse. A person can ride a horse in a field, in the woods, on the beach, or in the desert. Some people ride horses for competition and they command the horse to jump, dance, or race depending on the type of competition.
There are three equestrian disciplines in the Olympics. Horseback riding competition can be done for fun or for cash prizes.
 
Image: A girl rides a horse with two coaches walking alongside her.
 
Image: A boy smiles while he rides a horse. His coach is next to him.

Rollerblading
My ankles wobble as I stand on my rollerblades for the first time, but it doesn't take long at all to get the hang of it. Soon I'm speeding down the sidewalk with my coach behind telling me if anything is in my path.
 
Image: A girl wearing a blue helmet skates while her coach walks beside her.

I just love the feeling of going fast with the breeze in my face and the whistling sound of the wind in my ears.
 
Image: A young camper skates alone on wobbly legs.
 
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Rollerblading Listen Up!

Rollerblading is rolling on sidewalks or streets with stiff boots that have wheels attached to the bottom. Rollerbladers should always wear a helmet, knee pads, elbow pads, and wrist guards so they do not get hurt if they fall. To start, rollerbladers take off their shoes and put on their pads and guards, rollerblades, and helmet. When the wheels begin to roll, they often hold someone's hand or stay close to a wall. They practice moving their feet back and forth and their strides get longer; they learn to lean their weight from foot to foot, gliding farther each time; then they go a little faster and let go of the wall or the person helping them; and off they go!
 
Image: A coach helps lace up a camper's rollerblades.

Jumping Rope
My friends and I love to jump rope. Whoosh, click, whoosh, click, whoosh, click, the rope sings as it sails through the air and taps the ground.
 
Image: A girl and a boy jump rope outside. They each jump on an orientation mat.
I'm up to 152 jumps without missing, and still counting!
 
Image: A girl smiles as she jumps and counts.
 
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Jumping Rope Listen Up!

Jumping rope is a sport that is done individually or in a group of three or more. To jump alone, hold the ends of the rope in your two hands. Starting with the rope at the back of your ankles, swing the rope up and over your head and step or jump over the rope when it comes in contact with the floor in front of you. Jump forward, backward, with one leg or two, fast or slow. Some people jump for time and others for a number goal.
 
Image: Two campers jump inside. They wear costumes of sunglasses, bandanas, and neck scarves.

Three or more people can also use a longer rope and have a person hold each end and swing the rope around and around. The jumper can jump alone or with another person. It is fun to sing songs while jumping rope with a group of friends.
 
Image: Two boys turn the ends of a long rope. A girl jumps in the middle of the rope.

Gymnastics
The gymnastics bar feels cool and dry as my coach spots me. Someday, I hope to spin like an Olympian, but today I think I'll stick to balancing.
 
Image: A coach supports a girl on the lower bar of the uneven parallel bars.

Floor exercises are fun, too! The mat feels squishy underneath my palms as I attempt a handstand. Someday the gold will be mine!
 
Image: A coach demonstrates a handstand.
 
Image: A coach shows a girl arm movement for a floor routine.
 
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Gymnastics Listen Up!

The sport of gymnastics has many different parts. Each of these parts is called an apparatus. A gymnastics room has many soft mats for tumbling. Tumbling is doing somersaults, cartwheels, round-offs, handsprings, and flips. Gymnasts also walk, turn, and flip in the air on the balance beam. The beam is 4 inches wide! They flip on bars and swing backward and forward on rings hanging from the ceiling. They run fast and jump high over the vaulting horse. They jump and flip on trampolines, and perform dance-like floor exercises on a large springy floor.
 
Image: A coach demonstrates a pose on the balance beam. She kneels on one knee and extends the other leg out straight behind her.
 
Image: A girl sits on the balance beam with her feet resting on the beam.

Obstacle Course
"AAAAAaaaaAAAAAaaaaAAAAA!" I let out a Tarzan yell as I swing on the rope to complete the obstacle course.
 
Image: A boy holds tight to a rope as two coaches push him.

It was pretty tough to get here, I had to cross foam blocks, and ride on a scooter while my coach tapped her foot to show me the way. I'm so proud that I finished.
 
Image: A coach encourages a girl climbing over a large foam cube.
 
Image: A boy wearing a blindfold rides a scooter on his stomach. His coach taps her foot on the floor.
 
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Obstacle Course Listen Up!

An obstacle course is a series of objects placed from 2 feet to 8 feet apart. The obstacles are things such as hula hoops, tunnels, mats, vaulting horses, large cones, poly spots, balance beams, hockey sticks, scooters, ropes, and many other items. Items in an obstacle course help a person go in, out, through, over, around, under, or on top. The idea is that the person doing the obstacle course learns different ways to move and navigate around objects. An example may be that the participant goes on top of five poly spots (flat rubber circles on the floor about 8 inches wide), under a half of a hoop, over a pile of mats, around six large cones placed in a row, through a tunnel, and then on a vaulting box.
The participant can do it for fun or for time; it can be done individually or as a group. Take the challenge and have fun!
 
Image: A girl smiles as she runs across the top of a foam landing mat.

Archery
Schoooop...pop! My arrow glides through the air and pierces a balloon so I know I nailed the archery target. I am careful to hold the bow straight and steady before I release.
 
Image: A coach helps a boy to pull back on the bow string and aim the arrow at the target.

I feel like Robin Hood or William Tell every time I hear those balloons burst.
 
Image: A camper pulls back the bow string and aims at a target covered with colorful balloons.
 
Image: A coach helps a girl pull back on the bow.
 
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Archery Listen Up!

An archery target is soft and about 4 inches thick. It is about 3 feet high and has circles on the front to help people know how many points they scored. The yellow circle in the center is the bull's-eye. Around the yellow is the red circle, around the red is the blue circle, around the blue is the black circle, and around the black is the white circle. The white circle forms the edge of the target. The object of archery is for the shooter or archer to use the bow (a 3-foot plastic rod with a strong string attached to each end) to shoot arrows into the target. The closer the arrow lands to the center, the higher the score!
Balloons on the target help people with visual impairments know if they hit the target.
 
Image: A girl stands directly in front of an archery target and looks at the different colors of all the balloons that cover the target.
 
Image: A coach helps a girl position her hands on the bow.

Showdown
Yessssss!!! I made it into the showdown tournament! I listen for the ball rolling across the table. I smack it hard with my paddle just before it lands in the pocket. That was a close call. Yikes, my opponent sends it back fast! But I block the goal again.
 
Image: A camper wearing a blindfold swings his arm so forcefully that his hair flies all over.

I wonder who will be the ultimate tourney winner. Will it be me?
 
Image: A girl wears a protective arm guard and prepares to swing her paddle." title="A girl wears a protective arm guard and prepares to swing her paddle.
 
Image: A boy hits the ball with his paddle.
 
Image: A boy searches for the ball in the table pocket.
 
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Showdown Listen Up!
Showdown is played on a table that has 6-inch, raised sides all the way around and a pocket (goal area) in the middle of each end. Each player stands on the end and protects his pocket. The ball is plastic and has small beads inside that make noise when the ball moves. Each player wears a thick glove to protect his hand and holds a wooden paddle that is a foot long. Both players wear blindfolds to make sure they are evenly matched. The paddle is used to hit the ball across the table and under a raised screen that divides the table in half. The object is to get the ball in the opponent's pocket for points!
 
Image: A boy wearing a blindfold and a red hand and arm guard swings his paddle forward.
 
Image: A boy wearing an arm and hand guard holds his paddle over his table pocket.

Dancing
My friends and I love to dance. Whenever we hear music, we just feel the need to move. No one cares how we look, it doesn't matter! What matters is getting down with the beat and having a lot of fun!
 
Image: A group of campers dance in two lines.

Tap to the left, tap to the right, spin, and clap!
 
Image: The campers dance and clap; one bends over and touches the floor.
 
Image: A boy dances in place, bending his knees.
 
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Dancing Listen Up!
Dancing can take many forms. Some dancing is done with no requirements. The dancers simply move their bodies to the music depending on how they feel. There are other dances that have specific moves like square dancing, line dancing, salsa, or tango.
Many communities have dance studios that offer dance lessons for fun and competition.
 
Image: Camper dance in a line, one behind the other. They have their hands on the shoulders of the camper in front of them.

Virtual Tennis
With this cool video game, I was able to play tennis! It was super cool! Every time I smacked the ball, the control vibrated and made a swishing sound, just like a real racket.
 
Image: Standing in front of a laptop computer, a boy swings his arm up in the air. He holds a virtual tennis wand in his hand.
 
Image: With his coach watching the laptop screen, a boy moves his entire body while swinging his arm high.

I took on a friend who has sight and won! It was awesome!
 
Image: A boy, holding the virtual tennis wand, stands in front of a laptop and waits for the game to begin.
 
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Virtual Tennis Listen Up!
There are many virtual sports played on TVs. Playing virtual sports while actually moving your body is commonly called motion gaming. The game console has special sensors that read your body movement and then transmit it to the on-screen movement.
 
Image: A boy prepares to play virtual tennis. He holds the wand in his hand.
 
Image: A boy holds two virtual tennis wands, one in each hand.

Regular tennis is played on a flat surface with a net in the middle. Using a racquet, tennis players hit a tennis ball back and forth within the boundaries and try to make each other miss the ball or hit it out of bounds or into the net for a point. Virtual tennis is a game where the ball is seen or heard on a TV screen. The player may use a short wand, racquet, or simply her own arm (depending on brand platform) to hit the ball. The arm swing sends the ball over the virtual court and to the opponent's side. Then the other player hits the virtual ball back, and the rally continues until someone misses or hits the ball into the net. Some tennis wands can be set to vibrate and the ball to make noise. These signals help people with visual impairment play the game. If you own Wii Tennis you can download (for free) from the Internet adaptations for persons who have visual impairment. Go to www.vifit.org.

Twister
Twister is a great game to play! Shapes are raised up on a sheet so we can all feel where to put our hands and feet.
 
Image: A group of camp coaches play Twister.

What? Right foot star? Uh-oh! I hope I don't fall.
 
Image: Two boys and one girl play twister. They all have their right legs on stars and their left legs on triangles.
 
Image: One girl and one boy play twister. A second boy spins the tactile spinner.
 
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Twister Listen Up!
Twister is a fun group activity that requires the players to follow the commands of the person who spins the spinner. If the spinner landed on "right hand red," players must put their right hand on a red circle on the plastic mat on the floor. The colors are blue, green, yellow, and red. The object of the game is to stay on the spots that are called even when all the players are "twisted" in a tangle. If a player falls, she is eliminated. The last one standing wins.

Change the color circles to raised shapes or different textures to accommodate players who have visual impairment or blindness. Now the caller says, "right hand triangle." Then the players try to find a triangle on the mat and put their right hand on it. When the caller says, "left foot square," the players find the square and put their left foot on it. Players have to stay in that position until the next command is called. Braille readers can use a braille spinner. This game is fun for all ages.
 
Image: A group of campers play twister. Their coach straightens the edges of the game mat.
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I love camp because when I'm there I make new friends, play lots of games, and feel like part of a team. I'm glad you could tag along for a while and discover, just like me, that truly everybody plays!
 
Image: Three campers laugh and walk with locked arms.

I hope to see you at camp next summer!
 
Image: A group photo of all the campers. They wear their camp t-shirts.
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Advice From the Experts

Jennifer Armbruster is a 5X Paralympian goalball player who has won gold, silver, and bronze medals. Jennifer is blind.
"Sports parallel life; always set your goals and dreams just out of your reach. Spend your time climbing, step-by-step, closer to reaching those goals and dreams. Then through your hard work, teamwork, and determination, what was once just out of your reach is now grasped in your hand."

"Always remember that the key to being successful is working as a team. In both life and in sport, you will always be a part of a team; and with that comes a great responsibility to yourself and more importantly to those around you."
 
Image: Goalball
Cody Colchado is a 22X world champion powerlifter in both blind and able-bodied divisions. Cody is a powerlifting coach for the United States Association of Blind Athletes. He is blind and hard of hearing.

"Take care of yourself. Your body is like a fancy Ferrari car. You wouldn't fill a Ferrari with cheap gas; it's not going to work at its top performance. Your body is the same. Eat healthy, nutritional food to operate at peak performance. Also, be active. Being active will keep your engine running well. It will also introduce you to lots of friends. Friends are everything in life."
 
Image: Dumbbells
Peter Gottwald Jr. is a 2X Paralympian who won a silver medal in the 800-meter run. Peter is visually impaired.
"Physical activity is very important and that's why you should get out and try something new. You never know what you might enjoy. Set your goals high, stand up, step forward, and go and reach them. I encourage you to be physically active at least 5 days a week. Get out of your house. Staying physically active will keep you healthy and strong for many years. Try a variety of sports so you will learn what you like and dislike. Remember to try your best and never let anyone tell you that you can't! Believe that you can achieve!"

Jim Mastro is a 6X Paralympian who has won medals in Judo, shot put, discus, and goalball. He actively promotes beep baseball and Power Showdown. Dr. Mastro is a professor of Adapted Physical Education at Bemidji State University in Minnesota.
"Quality of life is often difficult to assess. What may be satisfying for one person is unfulfilling for another. Sight isn't necessary for a high quality of life; it is O.K. to be blind! It is your decision to make if you want to participate in sports. A person's potential is never met, but one must always strive to achieve it. People don't know what their limits are, and that's why you never tell anyone to do his best because that restricts the person to what he thinks he can do. The greatest feeling in the world is achieving more than you ever thought you could."
 
Image: Running Shoe
Marla Runyan is a 2X Olympic (2000 & 2004) distance runner and the former American record holder in the 5,000 meter. She won the Twin Cities Marathon in 2006. Her best marathon time is 2:27. Marla is visually impaired with Stargardt's.
"Sometimes, when I am almost to the finish line and everything is just a blur, I just close my eyes and hope that someone will let me know when I get there. Running is more about courage and perseverance and less about vision. The track is free and clear of obstacles, so it doesn't matter what you can or cannot see. All you have to do is just run and NEVER give up!"

Kris Scheppe is bidding to be the first legally blind person to sail around the world nonstop and single-handed. Kris loves the water and also scuba dives, kayaks, and swims. He enjoys powerlifting and finished 3rd at the collegiate nationals in 2005 and is a 3X International Blind Sports Federation gold medalist.
"Believe in yourself. You can achieve anything. It just takes seven words: All it takes is all you've got!"
The American Printing House for the Blind and the authors appreciate and thank these fine athletes who have shared their personal stories and advice with our young readers.
 
Image: Kayak Paddle
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More Fun Reading
All Children Have Different Eyes
Edie A. Glaser & Maria Burgio; Illustrated by Doina Paraschiv;

Vidi Press, Whittier, CA, 2007; grades K-3; print.
Meet Tommy, who has nystagmus, and follow his day at school and recess. Meet Wendy, who has strabismus, and see how she and her friends play in the neighborhood. 
Going PLACES: Transition Guidelines for Community-based Physical Activities for Students who Have Visual Impairment, Blindness, or Deafblindness
Lauren Lieberman, Scott Modell, Paul Ponchillia, & Ileah Jackson; American Printing House for the Blind, Inc., Louisville, KY, 2006; young adult; large print; braille, html.
Describes how to learn about and access community-based sports; contains over 20 personal stories of sport adventures. 

Jump Rope to Fitness (Kit)
Lauren Lieberman & Haley Schedlin; American Printing House for the lind, Inc., Louisville, KY, 2008; young adult; large print, braille.
Teaches individuals who are visually impaired or blind how to jump rope independently; includes an orientation mat and multiple jump ropes. 

Knots on a Counting Rope
Bill Martin, Jr. & John Archambault; Illustrated by Ted Rand; Henry Holt and Company, New York, 1987 (Rev. ed.); grades Pre-3; print.
Boy-Strength-of-Blue-Horses learns of the passage of time by counting knots on a rope. He builds his self confidence by participating in a horse race. 

The Night Search
Kate Chamberlin; Illustrated by Dot Yoder; Jason and Nordic Publishing, Hollidaysburg, PA, 1997; Grade 2; twin vision.
Heather, who is blind, resists using her white cane. Follow Heather on her adventures while camping. 

Mandy Sue Day
Roberta Karim; Illustrated by Karen Ritz; Clarion Books (a Houghton Mifflin Imprint), New York, 1994; grades K-3; audio.
A young girl who is blind spends her special day with her horse. Together they drink in the sounds, tastes, smells, and feel of an autumn day. 

Recess at 20 Below
Cindy Lou Aillaud; Alaska Northwest Books, Portland, OR, 2005; grades 3-6; print.
Follows a child through adventures at recess in the cold of Alaska. 

Shark Shock
Donna Jo Napoli; Puffin Books, New York, 1996; grades 3-6; print. Available on eBay and Amazon.
Eleven-year-old Adam makes friends with a boy who is blind during his family's vacation at the beach. 

Walk/Run for Fitness (Kit)
Lauren Lieberman & Haley Schedlin; American Printing House for the Blind, Inc., Louisville, KY, 2006; young adult; large print, braille.
Teaches individuals who have visual impairment or blindness how to walk or run using an independent guidewire system or a human guide; the guidewire system is included. 
30-Love: Tennis Guidelines for Players with Visual Impairment or Blindness (Kit)

Ayako Matsui & Tristan Pierce; American Printing House for the Blind, Inc., Louisville, KY, 2008; young adult; large print, braille.
Teaches individuals who have visual impairment or blindness how to play an indoor, adapted version of tennis; includes blindfolds, rackets, and six audible balls. 
Camp Abilities
... is a developmental sports camp for children who have visual impairment, blindness, or deafblindness. The camp is set up to provide a 1:1 instructional situation for each child. The camp serves children between the ages of 9 and 19. Camp counselors are recruited from physical education and special education undergraduate and graduate programs across the U.S., and overseas. Since the camp's first summer, more than 800 future teachers in the area of sport and recreation for children with sensory impairments have trained at the camp. Many of our specialists are blind themselves and serve as excellent role models for our children, some of whom have never met or socially interacted with another person who is blind.

For more information, visit http://www.campabilities.org/.
The United States Association of Blind Athletes (USABA)
...is proud to partner with agencies that serve children and youth who are blind and visually impaired, and USABA Sports Clubs to conduct Sports Education Camps at selected locations around the United States. Through the Sports Education Camps (SECs), USABA and its partners impact and empower youths who have visual impairment or blindness. SECs' 3-to 5-day camps are designed to reduce barriers to physical sports and recreation. During camps, students are provided with the necessary skills and confidence to go back to their school physical education classes and be competitive. Students, who learn the adaptive skills and use them at school, become empowered and are more likely to advocate for themselves. For more information, visit www.usaba.org.
American Printing House for the Blind

For an annual listing of winter and summer sports camps that serve youth who have visual impairment or blindness, visit: http://www.aph.org/pe/camps.html
 
Image: A boy and his coach, both wearing bicycle helmets, face each other and with raised arms celebrate with double high-fives.

Everybody Plays!
Cindy Lou Aillaud, an educator for more than two decades, lives in Delta Junction, the little town at the end of the Alaska Highway. She is the author/photographer of Recess at 20 Below and is a contributing author to the inspirational book for educators Today I Made a Difference. Cindy Lou has a lifelong passion for participation in activities that promote physical fitness. She strives to share her enthusiasm with all children. She was proud to be included in Camp Abilities where everybody plays!
 
Image: Cindy Lou Aillaud
 
Image: Cindy Lou Aillaud when she was a very young girl roller skating across the grass.

Lauren Lieberman has a Ph.D. in Movement Studies in Disabilities from Oregon State University. She is now a college professor in the area of Adapted Physical Education at the College at Brockport in Brockport, NY. In 1996, she founded Camp Abilities: A developmental sports camp for children with visual impairments, blindness, or deafblindness. She continues to write and conduct research in this area.
 
Image: Lauren Lieberman
 
Image: Lauren Lieberman fishing when she was a young girl.
 
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1838 Frankfort Avenue
Louisville, KY 40206
800-223-1839
Website: www.aph.org
Email: info@aph.org
Catalog No. 7-13095-00

