# Digital Light Box Artwork
Supporting Language and Literacy

Wendy Buckley, M.Ed., Ed.S.

Buckley, Wendy
Digital light box artwork: Supporting language and literacy / Wendy Buckley

In keeping with our philosophy to provide access to information for people who are blind or visually impaired, the American Printing House for the Blind provides this book in large print and electronic formats.

Catalog Number 1-08691-00

© 2009, American Printing House for the Blind
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America

This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, unless where noted on specific pages. For information regarding permission, write to American Printing House for the Blind, 1839 Frankfort Avenue, Louisville, KY 40206-0085.

Dedication

This manual is dedicated to Mike Collins, who did so much to increase educational opportunities for children who have deafblindness around the world; he recognized early on that technology would have a place in the classroom and provided the encouragement, guidance, and support for it to grow.

Acknowledgments

Project Leader: Tristan G. Pierce

Research Assistants: Erica Rucker, Ann Travis, and Monica Vaught

Illustration: Original artwork for the APH Light Box was illustrated by Suzette Wright. The digital artwork was modernized and illustrated by Terri Gilmore, APH, and Bisig Impact Group [BIG].

Graphic Design and Layout: [BIG]

Field Test Consultants:

Special thanks to the following professionals who contributed their time and expertise to the evaluation of the Digital Light Box Artwork:

Lynn Berger
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Town and Country, MO

Tammy Bruegger
Special Education Teacher
Assistive Technology Coordinator
Kansas City, MO

Mandy Deimund Smith
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Cape Girardeau, MO

Wendy Drezek
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
San Antonio, TX

Jim Durkel
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Speech Language Pathologist
Austin, TX

Melissa Gregori
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Corpus Christi, TX

Kori Kreyer
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Hayward, WI

Terry Layfield
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Red Oak, TX

Pamela Smith
Teacher of the Visually Impaired, COMS, Parent
Winston Salem, NC

Karen Wheeldon
Teacher of the Visually Impaired
Grain Valley, MO

Enrichment Coloring Activity

Insert a selection of blackline Digital Light Box Artwork (DLBA) onto a PowerPoint page and print it out. The child can color the image(s) to match the DLBA or choose new colors. This activity enriches the classroom lesson or is a fun take home project.

# About the Author

Wendy Buckley is a full-time computer teacher/specialist in the Deafblind Program at Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown, Massachusetts. She has worked at Perkins for over 30 years. In 1983, she began working with computers in a classroom of children with deafblindness; since then she has had a significant role in the expansion of technology in the classroom at Perkins. Wendy works closely with teachers to integrate technology into the curriculum and provides both direct and consultative services within the Deafblind Program. She has presented at local, national, and international conferences on the use of computers to support the development of language and communication in children who are deafblind. Wendy serves on the school's educational technology committee as the Deafblind Program representative.

Wendy teaches at the University of Massachusetts Boston in the Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments and Orientation & Mobility online masters degree programs. She has completed numerous trainings on the use of technology for distance education and serves as a technology consultant to the Northeast Regional Center for Vision Education at the University.

Wendy has a Master's Degree in the Education of Multihandicapped/ Deafblind Children from Boston College and an Ed.S. in Assistive Technology in Special Education from Simmons College in Boston.

# Introduction

Digital Light Box Artwork (DLBA), developed by the American Printing House for the Blind, is a collection of digital images from the APH Light Box (Light Box Materials: Level II [1-08680-00] and Light Box Materials: Level III [1-08690-00]). These images are created in a format for use on the computer with commercially available multimedia software programs. The DLBA can be used to create cause and effect, matching, choice-making, and other activities with authoring software programs such as PowerPoint, IntelliTools Classroom Suite, Boardmaker, and Clicker 5. Using the DLBA in computer programs provides extension activities for the Light Box and/or provides familiar images for children who transition from Light Box to computer activities.

# Creating Activities in PowerPoint

Directions are provided to create activities with Microsoft PowerPoint. These instructions are for Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 for Windows and PowerPoint 2008 on the Macintosh. Commands or options for the Macintosh are shown in brackets when they differ from Windows commands. The Digital Light Box Artwork (DLBA) can be used with other versions of PowerPoint; however, some features described in these instructions may not be available or may differ slightly with earlier versions of the program. The PowerPoint help menu can be consulted for assistance with commands and features.

Materials needed:

1. Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 or 2008
2. Digital Light Box Artwork flash drive
3. Computer microphone (optional)

# Planning the Activities

A storyboard is recommended to plan the design of each activity. Use of a storyboard helps with overall organization and flow. The number of slides, selection and sequence of images, and background colors should be decided in advance and indicated on the storyboard. Color combinations should be selected based on each child's individual needs. Storyboard examples and templates are provided in Appendix A.

# Getting Started

Create a new folder on your desktop called Digital Light Box Activities or DLBA PowerPoints. Save activities to this folder.

Create a new presentation and set up the activity

1. Open PowerPoint and create a new blank presentation.
2. Select the SLIDE SHOW tab/menu.
3. Select SET UP SLIDE SHOW.
4. Under SHOW OPTIONS, select LOOP CONTINUOUSLY UNTIL "ESC."
5. Select OK or press enter to accept the changes.

Save the presentation

1. Select the OFFICE button [Mac: FILE menu].
2. Select SAVE.
3. Name the presentation. Navigate to the DLBA folder and select SAVE.

Move to the Cause and Effect, Matching, or Choice-Making section to continue creating an activity.

Viewing (Playing) an activity

All activities are played in Slide Show mode. Once the activity has been completed and saved, select the SLIDE SHOW tab/menu and click START SLIDE SHOW: FROM BEGINNING [Mac: VIEW SLIDE SHOW] or click the view slide show icon in the toolbar. When ready to use the activity with students, save it as a POWERPOINT SHOW. This option saves the presentation in a format that prevents access to editing functions and menus.

# Create a Cause and Effect Activity

A basic cause and effect activity provides an immediate visual and/or sound effect in response to the user pressing a switch or a touch screen. In PowerPoint, a simple cause and effect activity can be created using slides, transitions, animations, and sounds that are activated when the user presses the switch or touch screen in response to a prompt. Sound can elicit negative or positive feedback. The specific design of the activity will depend on the target audience and the individual end user.

The steps to create a cause and effect activity using the DLBA images in PowerPoint are outlined below with a sample activity. The storyboard for this activity can be found in Appendix A. A blank storyboard is also provided for designing your own activities.

The sample activity contains a total of eight slides, with four slides containing DLBA images and four slides containing "reward" animations. Additional slides can be added in groups of two as needed; each target slide should be accompanied by an associated reward slide. The total number of slides in an activity is limited only by the amount of memory available to run the program. This basic cause and effect activity is for touch screen or switch (click) access.

Create a new presentation and set up the activity

1. Follow steps in the Getting Started section on page 4 to create a new blank presentation.
2. Name the presentation: CauseEffect1.

Set the slide layout as blank

1. Select the HOME tab [Mac: FORMAT menu].
2. Select SLIDES: LAYOUT.
3. Select the BLANK layout. See Appendix F.

Color the background (optional)

Increase the contrast or make the activity more visually appealing to the child by changing the background color. Design options include using the same color for all slides, using a different color for each slide, or using just two colors throughout the activity—one color for the target slides and a second color for the reward slides. Color names or number of color choices may vary on individual computer systems. The sample activity uses yellow for the target slides and red on the reward slides.

1. Select the DESIGN tab [Mac: FORMAT menu] or right-click on the slide [Mac: control-click].
2. Select BACKGROUND STYLES, FORMAT BACKGROUND [Mac: SLIDE BACKGROUND].
3. Select COLOR.
4. Select YELLOW (or the desired color).
5. Press CLOSE [Mac: APPLY] to apply the color to the slide background.

Create additional slides by duplicating the original slide

1. Select the HOME tab [Mac: INSERT menu].
2. Select NEW SLIDE drop down window, DUPLICATE SELECTED SLIDES [Mac: DUPLICATE SLIDE].
3. Repeat until the presentation contains a total of eight blank slides.
4. SAVE.

| Idea! Vary the background color. Use a different color on each slide. Use the storyboard outline to plan color options in advance.

Add DLBA to target slides

Refer to the storyboard for placement of artwork. For this activity, DLBA will be placed on all slides.

1. Select the INSERT tab/menu.
2. Select PICTURE.
3. Navigate to the flash drive folders containing the DLBA.
4. Choose the desired image from the list (cat), select INSERT.
5. Repeat the above steps to insert images on remaining slides as outlined on your storyboard. The sample activity is set up with the following:
   - Slides 1 and 2: cat
   - Slides 3 and 4: teddy bear
   - Slides 5 and 6: apple
   - Slides 7 and 8: kite
6. SAVE.

| Idea! Use the DLBA images on the target slides only. In the steps above, do not add images to the reward slides, 2, 4, 6, and 8. Use a different colored background and pattern on the reward slides.

Create reward slides

Slide transitions in PowerPoint create animated patterns. Slide transitions can be paired with a graphic image and or sound to create appealing visual screens that attract the attention of the user. These animations can serve as interesting rewards within activities. Options for reward slides include using slide transitions alone, using the slide transition paired with a sound, and repeating the DLBA image on the reward slide with a slide transition with or without a sound. The sample activity uses a slide transition with the DLBA image on the reward slides.

Slide transitions are activated as the user arrives on the slide. For cause and effect activities, the slide transitions are placed on the reward slides. Some slide transitions are more visually appealing than others. Different transitions should be explored to determine which ones are most effective for individual end users. For the sample activities, we will use the "Wheel Clockwise, 8 Spokes" transition for all reward slides [Mac: Wheel, 8 spokes].

Follow the CauseEffect1 storyboard in Appendix A to set the transition and sound for each slide. Target slides are the slides with the prompt and contain no transition. The user clicks to trigger the reward slide. Reward slides contain the transition, animation, and/ or sound reward. The reward slide is set to remain on the screen for a specified number of seconds then automatically advance to the next target slide.

Add slide transitions and sounds

Target slides are 1, 3, 5, and 7.

Reward slides are 2, 4, 6, and 8.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
3. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS, OPTIONS button].
4. In the category TRANSITION TO THIS SLIDE, hover your mouse over the options. Select the NO TRANSITION option.
5. Under TRANSITION SOUND, SOUND should be set to NO SOUND.
6. Under ADVANCE SLIDE, ON MOUSE CLICK must be checked.
7. Repeat on slides 3, 5, and 7.
8. Navigate to Slide 2.
9. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
10. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS].
11. In the category TRANSITION TO THIS SLIDE, select WHEEL CLOCKWISE, 8 SPOKES [Macintosh: WHEEL, 8 SPOKES].
12. [Mac: Select the OPTIONS button.]
13. Under TRANSITION SPEED: select SLOW.
14. Under TRANSITION SOUND: select APPLAUSE (or desired sound).
15. Under Advance Slide, uncheck ON MOUSE CLICK.
16. Select AUTOMATICALLY AFTER and indicate the number of seconds in the box below. For the sample activity, select 4 seconds. [Mac: Apply]
17. Repeat on slides 4, 6, and 8.
18. SAVE.

| Idea! Vary the slide transitions on each reward slide.

Caution: Care should be taken when selecting transitions for the cause and effect activities. Transitions that are visually appealing to some children can be visually disturbing to others.

| Idea! Insert your own sounds in place of the system sounds. Record your own voice or use clips of favorite music. See Appendix B for further instructions on creating and using your own sounds.

Test

1. Select SLIDE SHOW tab/menu.
2. Select START SLIDE SHOW: FROM BEGINNING [Mac: VIEW SLIDE SHOW].
3. Test the activity by clicking anywhere on the target slide. The reward slide appears with the desired transition. The reward slide advances automatically after 4 seconds to the next target slide.

If choosing to eliminate the image from the reward slide, stop here and skip to the finish section.

Add animation to the reward slide image

The activity can be greatly enhanced by the use of custom animation. Design ideas include using a black and white DLBA image on the target slide then fading into the color copy of the image on the reward slide, using the same image for both target and reward slides, or using substantially different images on the target and reward slides.

If an image is used on the reward slide, it can be animated to draw attention to the image and create additional visual interest. The type of animation, speed, and duration can be adjusted to meet the needs of each end user. Options for animation include Entrance, Emphasis, and Exit; and each option contains different animation choices.

For this project, we will use the same image on the target and reward slides and animate the rewards using the Emphasis option.

Add custom animation to the reward image

Reward slides are 2, 4, 6, and 8.

1. Navigate to Slide 2.
2. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
3. Select CUSTOM ANIMATION. A frame/window appears on the right. See Appendix F.
4. Click once on the image to be animated.
5. Select ADD EFFECT.
6. Choose EMPHASIS [Mac: Choose the Add Emphasis Effect icon].
7. Select SPIN.
8. Under MODIFY: SPIN, START: select WITH PREVIOUS.
9. Set the AMOUNT and SPEED as desired.
10. Selecting EFFECT OPTIONS from the drop-down menu next to the image name can change additional settings for the animation. The animation can be set for a longer duration or to repeat under TIMING.
11. Repeat on slides 4, 6, and 8.
12. SAVE.

Note: Some animations attract the user's attention more than others. Experiment with animation choices to determine which ones work best for your students.

Finish

The activity is now complete and ready to be used. Save as a POWERPOINT SHOW. If you wish to transfer the activity to another computer, use the PACKAGE FOR CD feature under the OFFICE button, PUBLISH, [Mac: SAVE AS, FORMAT, POWERPOINT PACKAGE]. This option places the presentation and all of its associated sound files into a single folder for transfer to a CD or flash drive along with the PowerPoint Viewer program.

# Create a Simple Matching Activity

A simple matching activity can be created using action buttons in PowerPoint. In this type of activity, the user is prompted to select from a field of several choices to either match a target image or find an image by name. A correct choice triggers a reward slide through the action button. The activity can be set up to provide no feedback for an incorrect choice or give feedback to prompt the user to try again. The specific design of the activity will depend on the target audience and the individual end user.

The steps to create a matching activity using the DLBA images in PowerPoint are outlined below with a sample activity. The storyboard for this activity can be found in Appendix A. A blank storyboard is also provided for designing your own activities.

The sample activity contains eight slides—four target (question) slides and four reward slides. Each target slide contains the image to be matched and a field of three answer choice images. The target match image is placed at the top center of the slide, and the three answer choices are equally spaced on the bottom of the slide.

An optional spoken prompt can be included to ask the user to locate the matching image. Action buttons are used to control the activity. An invisible action button placed over the correct answer triggers the next slide when the user touches or clicks on the match (and the invisible action button). The two images are then animated to provide a reward and visual feedback for the correct choice using PowerPoint custom animation and slide transition functions on the reward slide.

An optional design for this activity is to use printed words in place of the images as the answer choices for children working on beginning literacy skills.

The steps to create this activity are as follows:

1. Create the question slides containing the images.
2. Create reward slides by duplicating question slides.
3. Add action buttons to question slides.
4. Add animation to reward slides.

Refer to the Match1 storyboard in Appendix A to set up the sample activity.

Create a new presentation and set up the activity

1. Follow steps in the Getting Started section on page 4 to create a new blank presentation.
2. Name the presentation "Match1."
3. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
4. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS, OPTIONS button].
5. Uncheck ON MOUSE CLICK under ADVANCE SLIDE.

Set the slide layout as blank

1. Select the HOME tab [Mac: FORMAT menu].
2. Select SLIDES: LAYOUT.
3. Select the BLANK layout. See Appendix F.

Create additional slides by duplicating the original slide

1. Select the HOME tab [Mac: INSERT menu].
2. Select NEW SLIDE drop down window, DUPLICATE SELECTED SLIDES [Mac: DUPLICATE SLIDE].
3. Repeat until the presentation contains a total of four blank slides. These will be the question slides.
4. SAVE.

Add DLBA to target slides

Refer to the storyboard for placement of artwork. For this activity, DLBA will be placed on all slides. Slides 1, 3, 5, and 7 will be the target (question) slides and will contain four images—the match image and three answer choices. The match image will be placed at the top center of the slide, and the three answer choices will be equally distributed across the bottom.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the INSERT tab/menu.
3. Select PICTURE.
4. Navigate to the folder containing the DLBA.
5. Choose the desired image from the list (apple). Select INSERT.

Resize the image to fit

1. Place the mouse pointer on the top left corner "handle."
2. Hold down the left mouse button and drag toward the center of the image to make the image smaller.
3. Place the image at the top center of the slide.
4. Repeat the above steps to add three more images to the slide using the layout shown on page 16. One image must be the match to the target.
5. Repeat the above steps to create the remaining question slides as outlined on the storyboard. The sample activity is set up to match the following:
   - Slide 1: apple
   - Slide 3: cat
   - Slide 5: banana
   - Slide 7: teddy bear
6. SAVE.

Create the reward slides

The reward slides will use an animation to show the correct answer choice with the target. Slide transition and optional sounds provide additional feedback for the user. Create the reward slides by duplicating the target slides. Animation will be added to these slides later.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the slide in the left frame.
3. Select the HOME tab [Mac: INSERT menu].
4. Select NEW SLIDE drop down window, DUPLICATE SELECTED SLIDES [Mac: DUPLICATE SLIDE].
5. Repeat with each original target slide, for a total of eight slides.
6. SAVE.

Color the background

In a matching activity, the child will be presented with a reward for locating or matching a target image. In the sample activity, the question slides have a distinctly different background color from the reward slides. Locate the storyboard Match1 in Appendix A and use it to apply the appropriate color to each of the slide backgrounds. For the sample activity, we will use yellow for the background color of the question slides and blue as the background color of the reward slides.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the DESIGN tab [Mac: FORMAT menu] or right-click on the slide [Mac: control-click].
3. Select BACKGROUND STYLES, FORMAT BACKGROUND [Mac: SLIDE BACKGROUND].
4. Select COLOR.
5. Select YELLOW (or the desired color).
6. Press CLOSE [Mac: APPLY] to apply the color to the slide background.
7. Repeat on each slide until all backgrounds have been colorized.
8. SAVE.

Add actions to target slides

Actions control navigation in the activity. They are applied to the correct answer image and trigger the reward slide when the user selects the image. Actions are placed on the target slides: 1, 3, 5, and 7.

Apply an action

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select INSERT tab.
3. Click once on the answer image.
4. Select LINKS: ACTION [Mac: SLIDE SHOW, ACTION SETTINGS]. See Appendix F.
5. Select HYPERLINK TO: NEXT SLIDE.
6. (Optional) Select PLAY SOUND and choose the desired sound.
7. Select OK.

| Idea! Apply an action to each answer choice on the target slide. For the incorrect answers, set the action to play a recorded sound prompting the user to try again. This action should not advance to another slide.

Add a spoken prompt to the target slides

Use PowerPoint's built-in sound recorder to create spoken prompts for the target slides or use a utility program to create the sounds. Some sounds are included in your kit on the flash drive. Refer to Appendix B for additional information about creating recorded sounds for use in PowerPoint activities. When using the PowerPoint sound recorder, it is important to name the sound so it can be recognized later. The default is "recorded sound." For this activity, use the same name as the target image.

In the sample activity, sound prompts are placed on the target slides. They will be activated as part of the slide transition and will be played as the user arrives on the slide.

Target slides are 1, 3, 5, and 7.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select INSERT tab/menu.
3. Select MEDIA CLIPS: SOUND [Mac: Sound and Music], RECORD SOUND.
4. Type the name for this sound (apple).
5. Select the RECORD button to record your voice.
6. Select the STOP button when finished speaking.
7. Select the PLAY button to listen to the recording.
8. If satisfied with the sound, Select OK. [Mac: SAVE].

A sound icon is automatically placed on the slide. Make the icon invisible during the slide show. [Mac: set picture transparency to 100%].

1. Click on the sound icon on the slide [Mac: control-click]. The SOUND TOOLS: OPTIONS tab will appear at the top of the screen.
2. In SOUND OPTIONS, click to check HIDE DURING SHOW.
3. [Mac: Select FORMAT PICTURE.]
4. [Mac: Select PICTURE.]
5. [Mac: Set TRANPARENCY for 100% by adjusting the slider or typing the number.]
6. [Mac: Select SAVE.]

Set the slide transition to play the sound

1. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
2. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS, OPTIONS button].
3. Under TRANSITION SOUND: locate the sound in the list from the drop-down menu [Mac: SOUND] (i.e., apple).
4. [Mac: Select APPLY].
5. Repeat on slides 3, 5, and 7.
6. SAVE.

Add animation to reward slides

Animation or movement of the image provides visual feedback for a correct choice. Sound can be added for additional feedback. In the sample activity, when the reward slide appears, the matching image will move up on the slide to appear closer to the target; then both images will animate together. A timer will activate the next slide automatically. In the sample activity, reward slides are 2, 4, 6, and 8.

The reward slides use two animations; the first animation moves the chosen image from its position in the answer field up to the target match and the second animation activates both images. "Rise up" and "spin" are used in the sample activity. When the slide show is played and the animation activated, the image will appear to move out of its answer location at the bottom to the top of the slide. Both images will then spin together. For the rise-up animation to move the answer image, it must be positioned at its end location when designing the slide before the animation is applied. Other animations can be used. Once you are comfortable designing activities with PowerPoint, you can experiment with different animations to vary the design of the activity.

Move the answer image

1. Navigate to Slide 2.
2. Place the mouse pointer on the answer image (apple) and click and drag the image. Move the image up so that it appears next to the target.
3. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDESHOW menu].
4. Select CUSTOM ANIMATION. A frame appears on the right.
5. Click once on the reward image (apple).
6. Select ADD EFFECT.
7. Choose ENTRANCE [Mac: Select the ADD ENTRANCE EFFECT icon].
8. Choose MORE EFFECTS.
9. Select MODERATE.
10. Select RISE UP.
11. Under MODIFY: RISE UP, START, select WITH PREVIOUS.
12. Under SPEED, select MEDIUM or SLOW. [Mac: Do not close the window.]

Animate the Answer with the Target

1. Place the mouse pointer on the target image and click once.
2. While holding down the SHIFT key, place the mouse pointer on the answer image and click once. Both images should now be selected.
3. Select ADD EFFECT.
4. Choose EMPHASIS [Mac: Select the ADD EMPHASIS EFFECT icon].
5. Select SPIN (more choices are available under MORE EFFECTS).
6. Click on target image. Under MODIFY: SPIN, START, select AFTER PREVIOUS.
7. Set the AMOUNT and SPEED as desired.
8. Click on Answer Image: Under MODIFY SELECTED EFFECTS, START, select WITH PREVIOUS.
9. Set AMOUNT and SPEED settings to match the target image.
10. Selecting EFFECT OPTIONS from the drop-down menu next to the image name can change additional settings for the animation. [Mac: Select OK.]
11. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
12. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS, OPTIONS button.]
13. Under ADVANCE SLIDE select AUTOMATICALLY AFTER and indicate the number of seconds in the box [Mac: APPLY].
14. SAVE.
15. Repeat steps to animate the answers on slides 4, 6, and 8.
16. SAVE.

Test

Test the activity by clicking on the correct answer to bring up the reward.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select SLIDE SHOW tab/menu.
3. Select START SLIDE SHOW: FROM BEGINNING [Mac: VIEW SLIDE SHOW].
4. Test the activity by clicking on the incorrect answer. Nothing should happen.
5. Click on the correct answer. The reward slide should appear, and the answer image should move up near the target. Both images should spin together.
6. Troubleshooting: Check that all animations are set for either WITH PREVIOUS or AFTER PREVIOUS. No animation should be set for ON CLICK.

Finish

The activity is now complete and ready for use. Save as a POWERPOINT SHOW. If you wish to transfer the activity to another computer, use the PACKAGE FOR CD feature under the OFFICE button, PUBLISH [Mac: SAVE AS, FORMAT, POWERPOINT PACKAGE]. This option places the presentation, all of its associated sound files, and the PowerPoint Viewer application into a single folder for transfer to a CD or flash drive.

# Create a Choice-Making Activity

A simple choice-making activity can be created using the action buttons in PowerPoint. In this type of activity, the user selects a single image from a field of several choices to explore the image further, see its corresponding printed name, or to express interest in the image. There are no correct answers; each selection will bring the user to a new page that focuses on the image chosen. Once the detail page has been viewed, the user can select to return to the main page or navigate to additional detail pages. The specific design of the activity will depend on the target audience and the individual end user.

A child who uses symbols as a part of his/her communication system may at some point be a candidate for a more sophisticated electronic communication device. This choice-making activity can be set up to simulate a simple dynamic display similar to one used on an electronic communication device. This can provide a valuable initial training tool for using a dynamic display device.

The sample activity contains a main page with four image choices and a detail page for each individual image. When the child selects one of the images, an invisible action button triggers the detail page for that image. The sample activity is set up with a visible action button on each detail page to take the user back to the main choice page. Use of the visible action button requires the user to have the ability to locate and select this small button on the screen.

An alternative design for this activity is to place a copy of the main choice page between each detail page. Once the user has viewed the detail page, the slide transition can be set to move automatically to the next slide after a predetermined number of seconds. This design eliminates the need for the user to select a button to return to the main choice page.

The steps to create this activity are as follows:

1. Create the main slide containing the image choices.
2. Create detail slides containing individual images.
3. Add sound and optional animation.
4. Add action buttons to main slide.
5. Duplicate the main slide in between each detail slide.
6. Program the action buttons.

Refer to the Choice1 storyboard in Appendix A to set up the sample activity.

Create a new presentation and set up the activity

1. Follow steps in the Getting Started section on page 4 to create a new blank presentation.
2. Name the presentation "Choice1."
3. Select ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
4. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS, OPTIONS button].
5. Uncheck ON MOUSE CLICK under ADVANCE SLIDE.

Set the slide layout as blank

1. Select the HOME tab [Mac: FORMAT menu].
2. Select SLIDES: LAYOUT.
3. Select the BLANK layout. See Appendix F. [Mac: Select APPLY.]

Create additional slides by duplicating the original slide

1. Select the HOME tab [Mac: INSERT menu].
2. Select NEW SLIDE drop down window, DUPLICATE SELECTED SLIDES [Mac: DUPLICATE SLIDE].
3. Repeat until the presentation contains a total of six blank slides.
4. SAVE.

Add DLBA to selected slides

Refer to the storyboard in Appendix A for placement of artwork. For this activity, four DLBA images will be placed on Slide 1. Slide 2 will be blank to provide a separator between the main slide and the detail pages. Slides 3, 4, 5, and 6 will each contain one of the DLBA images from Slide 1.

The images in the array on Slide 1 will be equally distributed on the slide, two at the top and two at the bottom. The images on individual slides will be centered on the slide and larger in size.

Create the main choice page

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the INSERT tab/menu.
3. Select PICTURE.
4. Navigate to the folder containing the DLBA.
5. Select the desired image from the list (apple). Select INSERT.
6. Resize the image to fit: Place the mouse pointer on the top left corner "handle." Hold down the left mouse button and drag toward the center of the image to make the image smaller.
7. Place the image at the top left of the slide.
8. Repeat to add three more images to the slide.
9. SAVE.

Create the detail slides

1. Navigate to Slide 3.
2. Select the INSERT tab/menu.
3. Select PICTURE.
4. Navigate to the folder containing the DLBA.
5. Select the desired image from the list (apple). Select INSERT.
6. Position the image in the center of the slide.
7. Repeat on Slides 4, 5, and 6.
8. SAVE.

Another option is to copy and paste each image from Slide 1 to Slides 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Color the background

In the sample activity, the main slide has a distinctly different background color from the detail slides. Locate the storyboard Choice1 in Appendix A and use it to apply the appropriate color to each of the slide backgrounds. For the sample activity, we will use purple for the background color of the main slide and blue as the background color of the detail slides.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the DESIGN tab [Mac: FORMAT menu] or right-click on the slide [Mac: control-click].
3. Select BACKGROUND STYLES, FORMAT BACKGROUND [Mac: SLIDE BACKGROUND].
4. Select COLOR.
5. Select PURPLE (or the desired color).
6. Press CLOSE [Mac: APPLY] to apply the color to the slide background.
7. Repeat on each slide until all backgrounds have been colored.
8. SAVE.

Add sound to the detail page

When the user selects an image on the main choice page, the corresponding detail page is triggered. The image name or a simple sentence about the image can be spoken to reinforce the user's choice. The sound is activated as part of the slide transition and will be played as the user arrives on the slide. Detail slides are 3, 4, 5, and 6.

1. Navigate to Slide 3.
2. Select INSERT tab/menu.
3. Select MEDIA CLIPS: SOUND, [Mac: Sound and Music] RECORD SOUND.
4. Type the name for this sound (i.e., apple).
5. Select the RECORD button to record your voice.
6. Select the STOP button when finished speaking.
7. Select the PLAY button to listen to the recording.
8. If satisfied with the sound, select OK. [Mac: SAVE].

A sound icon is automatically placed on the slide. Make the icon invisible during the slide show. [Mac: set picture transparency to 100%].

1. Right-click on sound icon [Mac: control-click].
2. Windows only: Select EDIT SOUND OBJECT.
3. Windows only: Under DISPLAY OPTIONS, select HIDE SOUND ICON DURING SLIDE SHOW.
4. Windows only: Select OK.
5. [Mac: Select FORMAT PICTURE.]
6. [Mac: Select PICTURE.]
7. [Mac: Set TRANSPARENCY for 100% by adjusting the slider or typing the number.]
8. [Mac: Select SAVE.]

Set the slide transition to play the sound

1. Select the ANIMATIONS tab [Mac: SLIDE SHOW menu].
2. [Mac: Select TRANSITIONS.]
3. [Mac: Select the OPTIONS button.] See Appendix F.
4. Under TRANSITION SOUND, locate the recorded sound in the list from the drop-down menu [Mac: SOUND] (i.e., apple).
5. [Mac: Select APPLY].
6. Repeat on slides 4, 5, and 6.
7. SAVE.

Add actions to target slides

Actions control navigation in the activity. They are applied to each image on the main page and trigger the corresponding slide when the user selects the image.

A visible action button can be placed on each detail slide to provide navigation back to the main page.

Apply an Action on the Main Page

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select the INSERT tab.
3. Click once on the first image.
4. Select ACTION under the LINKS group [Mac: SLIDE SHOW, ACTION SETTINGS].
5. Select HYPERLINK TO: SLIDE…
6. Select the corresponding slide from the list.
7. Select OK.
8. Repeat to apply the action to each choice image.

Create actions on the detail pages

The action is applied to the DLBA image. Alternatively, a symbol representing "go back" can be inserted and the action applied to that symbol.

1. Navigate to Slide 3.
2. Select the INSERT tab [Mac: Select SLIDE SHOW menu].
3. Click once to select the image.
4. Select ACTION under the LINKS group [Mac: ACTION SETTINGS].
5. Select HYPERLINK TO: LAST SLIDE VIEWED.
6. Repeat on slides 4, 5, 6.
7. Save.

Test

Test the activity. Click on an image on the main page to bring up the corresponding detail slide. The action button on the detail slide returns you to the main page.

1. Navigate to Slide 1.
2. Select SLIDE SHOW tab/menu.
3. Select START SLIDE SHOW: FROM BEGINNING [Mac: View Slide Show].
4. Test the activity by choosing an image from the main page.
5. The detail slide appears with corresponding animation or sound.
6. Click on the action button to return to the main page.

| Idea! Add printed words to the detail pages for literacy support.

Finish

The activity is now complete and ready to be used. Save as a POWERPOINT SHOW. If you wish to transfer the activity to another computer, use the PACKAGE FOR CD (some computers may say PACK and GO) feature under the OFFICE button, PUBLISH [Mac: SAVE AS, FORMAT, POWERPOINT PACKAGE]. This option places the presentation, all of its associated sound files, and the PowerPoint Viewer application into a single folder for transfer to a CD or flash drive.

# Appendix A: Storyboards

Storyboards for the sample activities and storyboard templates are provided for your convenience.

CAUSEEFFECT1 STORYBOARD

Slide 1 Type: Target Background: yellow Image: cat Advance: on click Slide Transition: none Sound: | Slide 2 Type: Reward Background: red Image: none Advance: automatically after 4 seconds Slide Transition: wheel clockwise, 8 spokes Sound: Applause | Slide 3 Type: Target Background: yellow Image: teddy bear Advance: on click Slide Transition: none Sound: | Slide 4 Type: Reward Background: red Image: none Advance: automatically after 4 seconds Slide Transition: wheel clockwise, 8 spokes Sound: Applause
Slide 5 Type: Target Background: yellow Image: apple Advance: on click Slide Transition: none Sound: | Slide 6 Type: Reward Background: red Image: none Advance: automatically after 4 seconds Slide Transition: wheel clockwise, 8 spokes Sound: Applause | Slide 7 Type: Target Background: yellow Image: kite Advance: on click Slide Transition: none Sound: | Slide 8 Type: Reward Background: red Image: none Advance: automatically after 4 seconds Slide Transition: wheel clockwise, 8 spokes Sound: Applause

MATCH1 STORYBOARD

Slide 1 Type: Target Background: yellow Target Image: apple Prompt/Sound: "Find apple" | Answer Choices Image: cat Action: none Image: teddy bear Action: none Image: apple Action: Go To Slide _2_ | Slide 2 Type: Reward Background: blue Image: apple Animation: fly in, spin Advance: after 5 seconds Slide Transition: wheel, 8 spokes
Slide 3 Type: Target Background: yellow Target Image: cat Prompt/Sound: "Find cat" | Answer Choices Image: cat Action: Go To Slide _4_ Image: orange Action: none Image: sock Action: none | Slide 4 Type: Reward Background: blue Image: cat Animation: fly in, spin Advance: after 5 seconds Slide Transition: wheel, 8 spokes
Slide 5 Type: Target Background: yellow Target Image: banana Prompt/Sound: "Find banana" | Answer Choices Image: kite Action: none Image: banana Action: Go To Slide _6_ Image: circle Action: none | Slide 6 Type: Reward Background: blue Image: banana Animation: fly in, spin Advance: after 5 seconds Slide Transition: wheel, 8 spokes
Slide 7 Type: Target Background: yellow Target Image: teddy bear Prompt/Sound: "Find teddy bear" | Answer Choices Image: kite Action: none Image: sock Action: none Image: teddy bear Action: Go To Slide _8_ | Slide 8 Type: Reward Background: blue Image: teddy bear Animation: fly in, spin Advance: after 5 seconds Slide Transition: wheel, 8 spokes

Individual Slide Layout

CHOICE1 STORYBOARD

Slide 1 Type: Choices Background: purple Image: apple Action: go to slide 3 Image: teddy bear Action: go to slide 4 Image: banana Action: go to slide 5 Image: orange Action: go to slide 6
Slide 2: BLANK
Slide 3 Type: Detail Background: blue Image: apple Action: Sound: apple | Slide 4 Type: Detail Background: blue Image: teddy bear Action: Sound: teddy bear | Slide 5 Type: Detail Background: blue Image: banana Action: Sound: banana | Slide 6 Type: Detail Background: blue Image: orange Action: Sound: orange

BLANK STORYBOARD: Cause and Effect

Slide 1 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 2 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 3 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 4 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound:
Slide 5 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 6 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 7 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 8 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound:
Slide 9 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 10 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 11 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 12 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound:
Slide 13 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 14 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 15 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 16 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound:
Slide 17 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 18 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 19 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound: | Slide 20 Type: Background: Image: Advance: Slide Transition: Sound:

This storyboard is used to plan cause and effect activities. The activity does not need to be limited to this number of slides. Each target slide has a corresponding reward slide. Additional slides are added in sets of two.

BLANK STORYBOARD: Matching

Slide 1 Type: Target Background: Target Image: Prompt/Sound: | Answer Choices Image: Action: Image: Action: Image: Action | Slide 2 Type: Reward Background: Image: Animation: Advance: Slide Transition:
Slide 3 Type: Target Background: Target Image: Prompt/Sound: | Answer Choices Image: Action: Image: Action: Image: Action | Slide 4 Type: Reward Background: Image: Animation: Advance: Slide Transition:
Slide 5 Type: Target Background: Target Image: Prompt/Sound: | Answer Choices Image: Action: Image: Action: Image: Action | Slide 6 Type: Reward Background: Image: Animation: Advance: Slide Transition:
Slide 7 Type: Target Background: Target Image: Prompt/Sound: | Answer Choices Image: Action: Image: Action: Image: Action | Slide 8 Type: Reward Background: Image: Animation: Advance: Slide Transition:

This storyboard is used to plan matching activities where a selection can be made from a field of four images. On the Target Slides, indicate the name of the target image as well as other images in the field. The activity does not need to be limited to this number of slides. Each target slide has a corresponding reward slide. Additional slides are added in sets of two.

BLANK STORYBOARD: Choice-Making

Slide 1 Type: Choices Image: Action: Image: Action: Image: Action: Image: Action: Background:
Slide 2: Type: Blank/Separator
Slide 3 Type: Detail Image: Action: Background: | Slide 4 Type: Detail Image: Action: Background: | Slide 5 Type: Detail Image: Action: Background: | Slide 6 Type: Detail Image: Action: Background:

# Appendix B: Sounds

Sounds can be used from a variety of sources. A computer microphone/headset can be used to record spoken prompts and rewards. Sound clips can also be recorded from external sources such as CDs and/or downloaded from the Internet.

In Windows, record your own sounds using the Sound Recorder accessory: START, PROGRAM FILES, ALL PROGRAMS, ACCESSORIES, ENTERTAINMENT, SOUND RECORDER.

On the Macintosh, use a sound recording Widget or other utility program to record and save your own sounds.

Create a folder called SOUNDS in the DLBA folder. Save all sounds in this folder. Sounds can be created independently of PowerPoint and inserted into the activity at any time.

To insert your own sounds into PowerPoint, select INSERT menu, then choose MOVIE or SOUND, FROM FILE. Navigate to the SOUNDS folder and select the desired sound file.

Sounds can become lost when a PowerPoint presentation is moved from one computer to another if care is not taken to include the sound files. To avoid this problem, PowerPoint preferences can be changed to include the sounds within the presentation file itself.

To make this change, follow these steps:

1. Select the OFFICE button.
2. Select POWERPOINT OPTIONS.
3. Select ADVANCED.
4. In the SAVE category, enter 50000 in the box next to LINK SOUNDS WITH FILE SIZE GREATER THAN.
5. Select OK.

Short sound clips will now be embedded into the presentation and will be included when the activity is moved from computer to computer.

# Appendix C: Listing of Digital Light Box Artwork

All artwork is presented in blackline and color.

Alphabetical
Actress Airplane Apple Ball_O Ball_R-Y Banana Bicycle Bird Boat Book Boombox Boy Butterfly Cake Car Carrott Cat Chair Circle Clock Clown Face Coins Comb Computer Construction Worker Cow Crayon Cup Diamond Doctor Dog_B Dog_Multi Doll Door Dress Drum Duck Eyeglasses Firefighter Fish Fork Girl Glass Grapes Hairbrush Half Circle | Hat Hexagon Horse Hot Dog House_1-story House_2-story Ice Cream Cone Jacket Key Kite Knife Lamp Mitten Orange Pants Power Wheelchair Pumpkin-Frown Pumpkin-Smile Rabbitt Rectangle Refrigerator Rhombus Scuba Diver Shirt Shoes_slip-on Shoes_velcro Shorts Snake Sock Spoon Square Switch_plate Switch_stick Teddy Bear Telephone Television Tennis Player Toothbrush Toothpaste Trapezoid Tree Triangle Truck Wagon Window Xmas Tree

Categories
ACCESSIBLE ITEMS Power Wheelchair Switch_plate Switch_stick | MISCELLANEOUS Book Boombox Clown Face Coins Pumpkin-frown Pumpkin-smile Tree Xmas Tree
ANIMALS Bird Butterfly Cat Cow Dog_B Dog_Multi Duck Fish Horse Rabbit Snake | PEOPLE Actress Boy Construction Worker Doctor Firefighter Girl Scuba Diver Tennis Player
CLOTHING Dress Hat Jacket Mitten Pants Shirt Shoes_slip-on Shoes_velcro Shorts Sock | PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Comb Eyeglasses Hairbrush Toothbrush Toothpaste
FOOD Apple Banana Cake Carrot Grapes Ice Cream Cone Orange Hot Dog | SHAPES Circle Diamond Half Circle Hexagon Rectangle Rhombus Square Trapezoid Triangle
HOUSEHOLD ITEMS Chair Clock Computer Door House_1-story House_2-story Key Lamp Telephone Television Window | TOYS Ball_O Ball_R-Y Crayon Doll Drum Kite Teddy Bear Wagon
KITCHEN ITEMS Cup Fork Glass Knife Refrigerator Spoon | TRANSPORTATION Airplane Bicycle Boat Car Truck

# Appendix D: Matching color and similar shapes

YELLOW

1. spoon, fork, hairbrush, toothbrush
2. banana, sock

ORANGE

1. carrot, crayon
2. orange, pumpkins, balls

BROWN

1. hotdog, shoes
2. cake, hat
3. cow, dogs, horse

RED

apple, cup, book, telephone, shirt

GREEN

circle, clock

BLUE

1. boombox, car
2. truck, rectangle
3. jacket, shirt, square

WHITE

duck, rabbit

PURPLE

grapes, kite

GRAY/BLACK

television, computer

Matching similar shapes of any color or outline

1. carrot, crayons, spoon, fork, hairbrushes, toothbrushes
2. balls, circles, clock, orange, pumpkins
3. apple, book, computer, cup, house, jacket, shirts, squares, telephone, television, window
4. boom box, cake, drum, hat

Identifying different color on same shape

1. crayons
2. hairbrushes
3. toothbrushes
4. shapes (squares, circles, triangles, etc.)
5. socks
6. Use the Paint program in Word to change colors of any piece of art. See Appendix E.

# Appendix E: Changing Colors on the DLBA

Using Paint (on a PC) you can custom color the artwork to meet the needs of any student. You can add color to the outline art or you can change colors in the color art.

Example: The DLBA comes with a chocolate (brown) ice cream cone. Perhaps you want to create a choice making activity where the student chooses her favorite ice cream flavor. You need a strawberry (pink) and vanilla (white) ice cream cone.

1. Start creating your choice making activity as described in the manual. After inserting the chocolate ice cream into the PowerPoint, copy it (Control C).
2. Open up Paint (in Accessories on your PC) and paste the chocolate ice cream cone onto a new file (Control V).
3. Select the Fill with Color icon. Choose pink from the color pallet on the bottom of the screen. You can also select color from the menu to edit and custom make colors. Once your color is selected, click on the brown area of the ice cream cone; it changes color to strawberry pink.
4. SAVE. The new art is ready to be used in your PowerPoint.

Repeat the same process to make a vanilla white ice cream cone.

# Appendix F: Macintosh and Windows

Slide Layout
Windows | Macintosh
Slide Transition
Windows | Macintosh
Custom Animation
Windows | Macintosh
Action Button Menu Choices
Windows | Macintosh

American Printing House for the Blind
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www.aph.org
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